Camera lens mount



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r Dec. 14, 1948. l. w. DQYLE CAMERA LENS MOUNT Filed April 20. 1945 Dec. 14, 1948. w, DQYLE 2,456,053

CAMERA LENS MOUNT Filed` April 2o, 1945 f 2 sheets-sheet 2 f wwf V//y//U/ /3 f n *M /V47 /33 QQ f/ /44 A Il 45 A 38 I u 22 2 3 2l 46 4354/35 42 43. 4' T 37 39 'f lNvr-:NToR

temperature variations.

Patented 14, 1948 camina pans MoUN'r v Rrving W. Doyle, Massapequa, Y., assigner to Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corporation, .'JamaIca, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Appiieation prii 2Q, 1945, Serial No. 589,350 1 cnam. (ci. zia-sr) will be maintained regardless of the conditions attendant to use-ci the camera. In'certain types of cameras, for example, large aerial cameras which are characterized bylcomplex lens systems of substantial focal length, it is not unusual for such lensr systems to includev a plurality of -groups of optical elements the optical axis of which is sometimes rectilinear and sometimes not. Where there occurssuch plurality grouping vof lens elements, which incidentally are often of substantial diameter, itis extremely diflicult to maintain-the alignment of the opticalelements where the camerastructure, e. g., the conewhich holds theoptical system, undergoes dimensional' changes. or becomes distorted by reason of factors of expansion or contraction resulting from wide and sudden temperature variations. This-is particularly true in` aerial cameras which are operated at lowv andv extremely highv altitudes and accordingly aresubject to ve'ry substantialV temperature variations.

Then too, if the frangible optical elements of the lens system are directly subjected to stresses from the camera cone,l resulting from temperature expansion and contractionA factors, the' optical elements, having a thermal coefficient of expansion different from that `of the material in the cone, are apt to crack or chip or become displaced from their proper operative position in relation to the optical axis of the lens system.

It is accordingly among the objects of thisinvention to providev ay lens vmount by whichall stress'on the optical velements lwhich might result from fact-ors of expansion or contraction due to temperature variations of the camera structure is absorbed or relieved. It is a further object of this invention to provide a lens mount by which the alignment of the several optical elements of the lens system is maintained regardlessv ofdimension changes of the mounting structure fromthe l factors of expansion or contraction resulting from A further object is to provide a lens mounting structure by--which the lens unit may be readily` removed 'from or in stalled in the camera. f Other objects will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. According to one embodiment'of my invention.

theoptical elements of the lens system are mounted ln a barrel fabricated from a material having a ,thermal coemcient expansion which is of substantially the same value as that of the glass. forming the optical elements. The barrel is, in turn, mounted in the camera cone or other supporting structure in such a manner that there is an annular space between the outer diameter of the lens barrel and the inner diameter of the supporting structure, the barrel being maintained in this position by supporting devices capable of accommodating relative expansion or contraction of the camera cone with respect to the lens barrel, so that the lens barrel is always held concentric with the axis of the supporting cone.'v

In the drawing,

Figure `l is an elevation, partly in section, illustrative of a camera having a lens system characterized by lens mounts embodying one form of my invention;

Figure 2 is a section taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 3;

, Figure 3 is an enlarged, staggered section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2; and,

Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevation of a portion of the lens mount supporting structure as viewed along the line --H of Figure 3.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts'throughout the views of the drawing.

Referring now to the drawing, the camera shown in Figure 1 is of a` U-type construction, comprising a cone generally indicated at ill, a case orbody generally indicated at il, and a magazine generally indicated 'at l2. The cone lll ir.- cludes a plurality of separable sections i3, i4 and l5, in which the optical system of the camera is mounted. This optical system comprises illustratively three groups of lens elements generally indicated aty i6, l'l and I8, respectively, :l mirror i9 being related to groups l1 and i8, while a mirror 20 relates group i8 to the focal planeof the camera. While I have shown the several groups of optical elements, `the following description will be confined to group i6, as the several groups, while diering somewhat in structural details, are all essentially the same in'so far as the invention herein is concerned.

As shown in Figure 3, lens cone section i3 includes a cylinder 2|, within which the group I6 of optical elements is mounted. This group I6 in- .cludes a lmetallic barrel 22, shouldered as at 23 and- 24to provide spaced abutments against which lenses 25 and 26 are held. Lens 25 is held against 55 itsy shoulder 23 by a ring 21, which is threaded into j supports the lenses.

3 the left-hand end oi' barrel 22. Lens 28 is in turn held against its shoulder 24 by a ring 28 threaded into the right-hand end of barrel 22, another lens 29 being disposed between ring 28 and lens 28 and held in proper spaced relation thereto by suitable spacers 30 and 3|.

As noted hereinabove, it is desirable that the thermal coeilicient of expansion of the optical elements, i. e. the lenses, be approximately of the same value as that of the structure which directly To this end, lens barrel 22, rings 21 and 28 and spacers 30 and .3| are formed preferably from a metal which expands or con- 'tracts at substantially the same rate as do the lenses 25, 26 and 29. There being then no differencey between the rates of expansion or contraction of the lenses and the several parts in direct engagement therewith, the lenses are not rlfsuhject to any-stresses resulting from a differential in radial or axial expansion or contraction. f

As is more clearly shown in Figure 2, the outside diameter of barrel 22 of lens group I6 is less than the inside' diameter of cone section 2|, so that there is a space 32 between the lens barrel and cone. As hereinbefore noted, the lens group is supported in the cone concentrically therewith, to which end I have provided a plurality of pins or studs 33, illustratively four' in number, arranged in quadrature. As is more clearly shown in Figure 3, each of these pins 33 extends through a radial hole 34 drilled in lens barrel 22, with which holes the pins have close nts, thus to maintain the lens barrel in accurate concentricity with the axis of the camera cone, and accordingly to maintain critical performance of the optical elements. These pins 33 are formed of the same material as lens barrel 22 so as to expand and contract at the same rate as the barrel, thus preventing binding of the pins in their holes 34. Pin 33 includes a neck 35 of reduced diameter which extends through a fastening plate 36, the pin neck being headed over as at 31 to fasten the pin and plate securely together. The plate 36 is, in turn, secured to a boss 38 on cone section 2| as by screws 39 and 40 (see Figure 4). At the time the optical elements are assembled to the camera cone, the several pins 33 may be shifted about slightly in order to attain the desired concentricity of the lens group I6 and cone section 2|. When this condition has been attained, the pin carrying plates 36 are secured permanently in their proper position as, for example, by dowels 4| and 42, after which the screws 39 and 40 are tightened.

With the pins 33 set or adjusted as just described and securely fastened in place, it will be apparent that any relative expansion or contraction of the camera cone section 2| relative to lens barrel 22 `will necessarily be in a radial direction and accordingly can result in nothing more than a sliding of the pins 33-within their holes 34. Because of the provision of the annular space 32 between the cone and lens barrel, these two parts never engage one another and accordingly any differential in the thermal coefficient of expansion of such parts is accommodated by the sliding of pins 33 in holes 34, no stresses being exerted on lens barrel 22 which otherwise might well be transferred thereby to the contained lenses.

It might be noted that each of bosses 38 is drilled to receive'a set screw 43 by which the lens group |6 is initially adjusted to its concentric relationship with cone section 2 I. After the 1en ananas 4 group hasbeen'set in this position, as hereinbefore described, these screws 4I may be removed and their holes plugged in any suitable manner.

In order to preclude the entrance of dust or other foreign particles into the lens cone through the space 32 between the cone and the lens barrel 22, I have preferably provided a washer 44 of any suitable material which is pressed against the right-hand end of lens barrel 22 by a ring 45 which is threaded into lens cone section 2| and held in proper position by one or more set screws 48 It will now appear (referring to Figure 1) that with the several lens groups I6, I1 and I8 mounted in lens cone I0 in the manner hereinbefore described with respect to lens group I8, each of the groups is maintained in proper alignment with respect to the others and with respect to the optical axis of the camera, regardless of any distortion or dimensional variation in the camera cone as a result of extreme temperature variations. It may further be seen that in the event of any such cone distortion or dimension variation, stresses resulting therefrom are not transferred or exerted on the optical elements themselves, with the result that there is little or no danger of damage to the optical elements, at least from this cause.

Thus the several objects set forth hereinabove have been attained in a thoroughly practical and efficient manner.

As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention, and as many changes might be made in the embodiment above sei; forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying drawing is to ce interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. In a camera lens mount, the combination of. a housing, an optical element, a barrel whose outer diameter is less than the inner diameter of the housing for supporting said optical element disposed in said housing and forming an annular space with the inner surface thereof, and means including a plurality of projections secured to said housing in a plane normal to the optical axis and extending radially therefrom into cooperating apertures in said barrel and in slidable engagement therewith for securing said barrel in said housing, whereby said barrel is free'to expand radially within said housing but is restrained from axial movement relative thereto, whereby the optical axis of said optical element is held coincident with the axis of said housing.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the means which secures the barrel to the housing includes three or more pins secured to the housing and extending inwardly thereof and slidably fitting into holes in the barrel, and means for detachably securing said pins to said housing.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the means which secures the barrel to the housing includes three or more pins secured to the housing and extending inwardly thereof into holes in the barrel. means for detachably securing said pins to said housing, and locating means for said securing means, said pins and holes having a close but sliding fit so that any relative movement between the housing and barrel is confined to radial directions.

4. In a camera lens mount, the combination of, a housing, an optical element, a barrel for supporting said optical element disposed in said housing and forming an annular space with the nner surface thereof, and means for securing said barrel in said housing for radial movement mly relative thereto, said securing means includng three or more pins secured to said housing md extending radially inwardly thereof and slidably fitting into holes in said barrel.

5. In a camera lens mount, the combination af, a housing, a plurality of lenses, a lens barrel, means mounting said lenses in stationary positions in said barrel, the thermal coeflicients of expansion of said lenses and said barrel being substantially the same but being diiIerent from that of said housing, the outside diameter of said barrel being less than the inside diameter of said housing so that an annular space is formed between the two, and means including a plurality of projecting members carried bysaid housing and extending therethrough and inwardly radially thereof and projecting into said barrel to hold said barrel in said housing against axial ,o

movement relative thereto while permitting radial expansion or contraction thereof. l

6. In a camera lens mount, the combination of, a housing, a plurality of lenses, a lens barrel,

means mounting said lenses in stationary posi- 25 tions in said barrel, the thermal coefficients of expansion of said lenses and said barrel being substantially the same but being different from that of said housing, the outside diameter of said barrel being less than the vinside diameter of said 30 housing so that an annular space is formed between the two, and three or more pins secured to said housing and extending inwardlythereof into holes in said barrel for supporting said barrel in said housing against axial but not against 35 radial movement thereof relative to the housing.V

7. In a camera lens mount, the combination of, a housing, a plurality of lenses, a lens barrel, means mounting said lenses in stationary positions in said barrel, the thermal coeillcients of expansion of said lenses and said barrel being substantially the same but being different from that of said housing, theoutside diameter of said barrel being less than the inside diameter of said housing so that an annular space is formed between the two, and three or more pins secured to said housing and extending inwardly thereof into holes in said barrel for supporting said barrel in said housing against axial but not against radial movement thereof relative to the housing, the1 `material of which said pins are formed having a thermal coefficient of expansion which is the same as the material of said barrel.

IRVING W. DOYLE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,290,777 OBrien Jan. 7, 1919 1,325,936 Fouasse Dec. 23, 1919 41,791,254 Von Brockdorff Feb. 3, 1931 1,883,673 Fouquet Oct. 18, 1932 2,008,991 Nowack July 23, 1935 2,219,224 French v--.. Oct. 22, 1940 2,314,838 Kingston Mar. 23, 1943 2,330,663 Bennett et al Sept. 28, 1943 

